Распространенность дислипидемии до и на фоне пандемии COVID-19. Анализ большой лабораторной базы данных

M. V.  Ezhov; T. I. Batluk; D. S.  Tokmin; E. F. Tsyplukhina; A. G. Arutyunov

doi:10.34687/2219-8202.JAD.2023.02.0004

Authors

M. V. Ezhov ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. академика Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, г. Москва
T. I. Batluk Ассоциация "Евразийская Ассоциация Терапевтов", г. Москва
D. S. Tokmin AlphaStat Statistical Agency, Moscow, Russia
E. F. Tsyplukhina Novascreen Medical Labs, Moscow, Russia
A. G. Arutyunov Association " Eurasian Association of Internal Medicine", Moscow, Russia, National Institute of Health named after S. Avdalbekyan, Yerevan, Armenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34687/2219-8202.JAD.2023.02.0004

Keywords:

dyslipidemia, COVID-19, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of lipid profile in different age groups based on the analysis of large data series. The data were collected by private laboratories in the Russian Federation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods. The cross-sectional analysis of a database from large private Russian laboratories included 31,519 patients over 18 years of age in two sections - for 2019 and 2021. The patients’ lipid profile was monitored by levels of triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and non-HDL. Other biochemical parameters were also considered: Uric acid, creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, etc. All patients were divided into 5 groups according to the level of TG as a marker of residual risk (<1.7 mmol/l, 1, 7-2.3 mmol/l, 2.3-5.6 mmol/l, 5.6-10 mmol/l, >10 mmol/l).

Results. In 2021, the cohort became younger, and the proportion of women increased. The total prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia decreased from 26.2% in 2019 to 21.5% in 2021 (p<0.01). Analysis of the changes from 2019 to 2021 in individual age groups with a step of 10 years (18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70+ years) showed that the number of patients with higher TG levels decreased, except for the groups of 18-29, 60-69 and 70+ years. The triglyceride-glucose index lowered by 2021, and the difference remained significant after adjustment for sex and age (p<0.01). Similarly, the average TG to HDL-C ratio decreased by 2021, and the difference remained significant after adjustment for patient sex and age (p<0.001). The average HDL-C level increased through 2021, and the difference remained significant after the adjustment. LDL-C levels also increased significantly (p<0.01). The number of patients with LDL-C cholesterol levels above 3 mmol/l increased.

Conclusion. This study shows quite interesting and yet difficult to explain trends in the lipid profile of patients who use private medical laboratories. LDL-C levels have increased, however, despite the improvement in HDL-C and TG levels, and the number of individuals with hypertriglyceridemia exceeds 20%, which requires further monitoring.

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