Clinical significance of psychological features of the personality in patients with ischemic heart disease: Focus on personality type D

Abstract

In this review, based on research and analysis of international literature references in international and domestic databases (PubMed, Medline, Medscape, Google Scholar, CyberClinika, elibrary.ru), the clinical role of psychological characteristics of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is analyzed. According to the prognosis of the World Health Organization (WHO), psychosocial disorders and CVD will gain the leading positions in the structure of morbidity and disability of population, as well as among the reasons for the deterioration in the quality of life and an unfavorable prognosis in the near future. Thus, psychoemotional stress aggravates the course of CVD, contributes to the damage of “target organs” by cardiovascular factors, is an independent risk factor for death in patients with arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and acute coronary syndrome. In the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology, the psychological conditions that most negatively affect the health of patients with heart and vascular diseases are: depression, anxiety, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social isolation and personality type D. The most common comorbidities in coronary artery disease are depression and personality type D, the presence of which in this category of patients are negative comorbidities associated with an increase in the rate of cardiovascular outcomes and additional economic costs of the healthcare system in Russia and worldwide.