The role of cell adhesion molecules and antiproliferative coating in the coronary stent restenosis

Abstract

Adhesion molecules play an important role in inflammation and in the progression of atherosclerosis in ischemic heart disease. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response at the site of stent implantation are important in the formation of neointimal hyperplasia. Cell adhesion molecules play an initiatin role in the early inflammatory response to injury. The aim of this review was to study the literature data on the role of cell adhesion molecules in the development of in-stent restenosis (ISR), as well as the ability of antiproliferative stent coating to influence the level of these molecules in the early post-implantation period of coronary stenting. Improving the antiproliferative coverage of the stent is currently the main way
to prevent ISR. The use of neutralizing antibodies to cell adhesion molecules as part of the antiproliferative coating of a stent or balloon may become a new therapeutic strategy that prevents the formation of ISR and improves the prognosis of both short-term and long-term results of coronary stenting, however, studies in this direction are presented by isolated works.