Липопротеин-ассоциированная фосфолипаза a2: роль в развитии атеросклероза и пригодность для использования в качестве биомаркера риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

Abstract

Atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations are widespread among the population of various countries of the world. An extremely complex phenomenon, atherogenesis is subject to the modulating influence of genetic and environmental risk factors. Numerous fundamental and clinical studies allow us to conclude that inflammation plays an important role at all stages of atherogenesis. Inflammation adversely affects the transport and metabolism of intravascular lipids, as a result of which macrophages turn into foam cells, fatty streaks and atheromatous plaques are formed. Serum markers of inflammation have proven to be an important component of a group of risk factors. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) increases intravascular inflammation and stimulates the development of atherosclerosis. In a number of works on epidemiology, the expediency of measuring the level of Lp-PLA2 for assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases has been substantiated. Promising drug regimens are being developed suppression of Lp-PLA2, including the use of the drug darapladib, which is a specific molecular inhibitor of this enzyme. In addition to a significant suppression of Lp-PLA2 activity, darapladib slows down the growth of necrotic nuclei of atheromatous plaques in human coronary arteries.