The role of oxidized low-density lipoproteins and antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoproteins in the immune and inflammatory process in atherosclerosis

Abstract

Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDL) and antibodies against oxidized LDL (Anti-OxLDL) play a leading role in atherogenesis. OxLDL are one of the most studied autoantigens that induce a local immune response in the arterial wall. According to modern concepts, oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) converts them into a form gripped by macrophages more faster than native LDL, that contributes to the progression of the atherosclerotic process. Levels of OxLDL may have prognostic value in relation to the cardiovascular risk. AntiOxLDL can be considered markers of LDL oxidation and independent predictor of atherosclerotic progression. The level of Anti-OxLDL could be linked with the rate of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary, carotid and peripheral arteries. This review summarizes current data on oxidative modification of LDL and the role of OxLDL and Anti-OxLDL in the immuno-inflammatory process in atherosclerosis.